THE LOST CALENDAR AND THE PROPHETIC EVENTS
Overview
· The
Quranic word Ø¡ ۤ ِسي َّٱلن truly means insertion of an additional month in the
year and not transfer of the sacred status of one month to another as majority
of our commentators believes.
· In
the ancient days the Arab years regularly consisted of only twelve months and
the names of their months were different from those we use now. As the lunar
year was shorter than the solar their annual pilgrimage moved through the
seasons and often it fell in inconvenient weather. Desiring to fix the
pilgrimage at a season conducive to social intermingling they started thinking
of how they could do so.
·
During the time of Mudar ibn Nizar, the eighteenth ancestor of the Prophet, the
Arabs adopted a system of intercalation to fix their pilgrimage in or around
autumn; and the Kindah tribe held its administration. With the starting of the
intercalary era they had also adopted the present names of the months. During
their epoch the names of the months had accurate relation with the seasons.
Ramadan, the month of scorching heat oscillated over May, June and July and the
annual pilgrimage always fell around the autumn equinox.
·
After holding its administration for 165 years, the Kindites transferred the
function to the Kinanah tribe in October 157 CE after doing the sixtieth
intercalation. xxii
·
After taking over the function, the Kinanite Qalammas started a new cycle of
their own without completing the cycle left halfway by the Kindites and also
unconsciously placed the first nasi’ of their second cycle at a wrong location
and unwittingly repeated the same mistake in the subsequent cycles. As a result
of these errors, the system went out of order and the annual pilgrimage, which
the Kindites had always kept held in or around autumn, started moving gradually
from its location and during the time of the Prophet in 632 CE it arrived at
the threshold of spring when he abolished the system for ever. Since then the
Arab years had always consisted of twelve months only as we see now.
· The
Prophet was born during this Kinanite intercalary era and had spent almost the
entire part of his life under this order. The dates of the Prophetic events had
been recorded with reference to this intercalary calendar and not with
reference to any other calendar.
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· In the seventeenth
century of the common era, the Europeans reconstructed the calendar of Madinan
decade without considering the intercalations that had actually intervened in
that decade and by alternating the months of 30 and 29 days while the then people
went by the natural rhythm. The credulous Muslims have taken the same as the
very calendar operating during the time of the Prophet despite its miserable
failure to reveal the biographical dates and weekdays recorded by the first
biographers. xxiii
· For
the last fourteen centuries neither the Muslims nor the world at large have
been able to dig out the lost calendar of that time. Instead of reflecting that
the calendar so invented by the Europeans could be wrong, they started casting
doubts on the accuracy of our biographers and some have even started re-dating
the events.
· This
work finds out the lost calendar of that time and checks the biographical dates
with reference to it, sorts out the true dates from the erroneous ones and
fixes them in the pagan as well as the Julian calendar in complete agreement
with the biographers’ reports. Some of the results obtained through these
studies were as follows:
· The
abortive Abyssinian attack on the Ka‘bah took place in the second week of May
570 (third week of Muharram). From the beginning of that year the Makkans had
started an era called ‘Am al-Fil era (the era of the Elephant); and that era
truly started from the sunset of April 22, 570.
· Fifty days after the Abyssinian attack the Prophet was born on June 30, 570 (Monday, 10th of Rabi’ al-Awwal, 1 AF).
· The
first revelation of the Qur’an descended on the Prophet in the fortieth year of
his life on December 22, 609, the longest night of the year (Monday, the 18th
of Ramadan, 40 AF). Xxiv
· He was called on the
celestial visit of the seven heavens in the night of November 29, 620
(Saturday, the 27th of Ramadan, 51 AF).
· In
the beginning of the fifty-third year of his life the Prophet fled the city of
Makkah on June 21 (Monday, 5th of Rabi’ al-Awwal), the longest day of the year,
landed at Quba on June 28 (Monday, 12th of Rabi’ al-Awwal) and entered the city
of Madinah on July 2, 622 (Friday, 16th of Rabi’ al-Awwal, 53 AF).
· The
beginning of the year of his such emigration marked the commencement point of
the Muslim era which later came to be known as the Hijrah era and truly it
started from April 18, 622 and not from July 16, 622 as the Europeans make us
believe.
· The
change of Qiblah took place on October 17, 623 (Monday, the 15th of Rajab, 2
HH).
· The
battle of Badr was fought on December 16, 623 (Friday, the 17th of Ramadan, 2
HH) and that of Uhud on December 29, 624 (Saturday, the 11th of Shawwal, 3 HH)
while the battle of Khandaq ended on January 24, 627 (Saturday, the 1st of Dhu
al Qa‘dah, 5 HH).
· On
January 14, 628 (Thursday, the 1st of Dhu al Qa‘dah 6 HH) the Prophet set out
for an ‘Umrah. But due to Makkan obstruction he returned without doing it but
after signing a treaty with them, which later came to be known as the truce of
al-Hudaybiyah. xxv
· As
per terms agreed upon in the treaty, the Prophet performed the postponed ‘Umrah
of 6 HH in the following year on February 6, 629 (Monday, the 6th of Dhu
al-Qa‘dah, 7 HH).
· In 8
HH the Makkans willfully violated the truce and the Prophet stormed into the
city on December 11, 629 (Monday, the 18th of Ramadan, 8 HH) with ten thousand
of his supporters and took its control, exactly twenty years after he received
the first revelations.
· He
set out for Ghazwah Tabuk on September 13, 630 (Thursday, the 1st of Rajab, 9
HH).
· His
last son Ibrahim died on January 27, 632 (Monday, the 28th of Shawwal 10 HH);
and the day witnessed an annular solar eclipse.
· In
his farewell pilgrimage the Prophet stood at ‘Arafat on March 7, 632 (Saturday,
the 9th of Dhu al-Hijjah, 10 HH) and barely three months after that he breathed
his last on June 8, 632 (Monday, the 12th of Rabi’ al-Awwal, 11 HH).
· The
Prophet was born in the Rabi‘ al-Awwal of the intercalary system and not in
that of the non[1]intercalary
system and not always the two months turn up against the same period of time.
Now that we are using a non-intercalary system we must observe his birthday
anniversaries in Jumada al-Ula for the very month of his birth truly
corresponded to Jumada al-Ula in the non-intercalary reckoning.
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